Dyeing of textile materials using alkylamine alginate thickeners



Patented July 28, 1953 DYEING' OF TEXTILE MATERIALS USING ALKYBAMINE ALGINATE THICKENERS' William J. Cranmer.v In, and; Harry W. Fritz, J12,

Cumberland, Md., assignors to Cclanese Corporation of America, New York, N. Y., a corporation of Delaware No- Drawing. Application June-30, 1951, Serial No. 234,654

12. Claims.

' 11 This invention. relates to the dyeing 0t textile materialsv andgrelates more particularly to dyebaths and to a process for the. dyeing of. organic derivative of cellulose textile materials; therewith.

It has previously been proposed. to dye organic. derivative of cellulose textile materials, such. as fabrics and the like, with a. dyebath containing: a ycstuli dissolved in a mixture of water and a lower aliphatic alcohol; Using a dyebath of this type, it is possible to dye organic derivative of cellulose textile materials not only with dyestufis that. exhibit a good: afilnity for the said materials when applied thereto from. aqueous. dyebaths, but also with dyestuils that exhibit. little or no aflil'lr' lty when applied to the. organic derivative. of cellulose textile materialstrom. aqueous dyeba-ths, such as, for example, acid, basic, direct cotton and mordant dyestufis. suitable selection of the dyestuffs, it. is. possible by the use. of the alcohol-water dyebaths to obtain dyoings. on organic derivative of cellulose textile. materials that are extremely fast: to. washing and that. are. also highly zesistant to. light and acid fading;

In. certain applications, it. is essential that. the dycbath have a relatively high. viscosity to avoid. any spazead of the dyebath when it is applied to the organic derivative of cellulose textile ma.- terials. For example, in dyeing the said materials locally as by printing, stencil-ling or the like, substantially no spread of the dyehath. musttakeplace if sharp, clear prints are to be obtained. Similarly, in the over-all printing or padsdyeing of the: organic. derivative of cellulose textile materials, it is frequently desirable substantially to eliminate any migration. of the dyebath during the skying oi the. dyed materials to amid the development thereon of a mottled ap- Deana-nee. The. substances. that. have hitherto been commonly used for increasing the viscosity of or thickening aqueous dyebaths,v such as gum. arable, gum tragacanth and the like, are not Suited for the. thickening of alcohol-water dyebaths. in that. they do not yield a thickened dyebath that has a uniiorm, smooth and stable consistency.

It is. an important. obiect of this invention to provide a thickened alcohol-water dyebath WhlCh will be free from the foregoing and other difficulties.

A further object of this invention. is to provide alcohol-water dyebath thickened, with an alkylamine alg'inate.

Another object. of this inventionis tov rovide a process for the, coloration.- oi organic derivative of cellulose materials: with an alcohol-water dye bath thickened with an alkylamlne alginate.

Other objects ofthis invention will be apparent from the following detailed description and claims.

According to the present invention, a dyebath containing a dyestufi dissolved in a mixture of water and at least? about 5% by weight, preferably between about 70 and 80% by weight, of a. loweraliphatic alcohol is thickened by the addition thereto of. an alkylamine alginate. The

- alcohol-water dyebaths thickened with the alkylamine alginate exhibit. a uniform, smooth and stable consistency. In addition, they exhibit no tendency to foam, which loam may lead to the formation of spots on the dyed organic derivative of cellulose textile. material. Moreover, the said dyebaths are easily and quickly prepared by adding an alkylamine. alginate to the dyebath and stirring the same. After the dyeing of the organic derivative of cellulose textile material is effected, the alkylamine alginate may be readily removed from the dyed textile material by a simple scouring operation with hot water or a hot aqueous soap solution.

Examples of lower aliphatic alcohols that may be employed in preparing the. dyebath of this invention include. methyl alcohol, ethyl alcohol, normal propyl alcohol and isopropyl alcohol, as well as mixtures of these alcohols. In addition to the alcohol, the dyebath may contain inorganic or organic swelling agents for the organic derivative. of cellulose material. Suitable inorganic swelling agents include, for example, the thiocyanates such as potassium thiocyanate, sodium thiocyanate and ammonium thiocyanate. Suitable organic swelling agents include, for example, di and poly-alkylene. glycols and their sulfur analogues such. as dicthylene glycol and thiodiglycol, tetrahydro-furfuryl alcohol, esters of hydroxy carboxylic acids such as ethyl lactate. and esters of dior polyhydrlcv alcohols or of dior poly-allqrlene. glycols such as monoacetin, diacetin or triacct'm.

Alkylamine alginatesthat may he added to the dyebath to thicken the same include, for example, diethylamine alginate, d-ipropylamine alginatc and dibutylamine alginate. Depending upon the degree of thickening desired and the precise composition of the dyebath, there may be added to the dyebath from about 0.1 to 10% by weight; of the; alky-lamine alginate; the lower concentrations of the alkylamine algi-nate serving to pro.- duce adyebath suitable for pad-dyeing and over all printing, and the higher concentrations of the alginate serving to produce a dyebath suitable for printing, stencilling and the like.

Dyestuffs that may be employed in compounding the dyebath of this invention include, for example, Wool Fast Blue GL-C. I. 833, Azo- Rubinol 3GP-Pr. 412, Amacel Pure Scarlet III, Celliton Fast Blue AF, Pr. 227, Eosine Y-C. I. 768, Setacyl Direct Discharge Blue G, Amacel Rubine IX and Amacel Yellow CW. The dyestufi' used should be free from sodium sulfate, commonly employed in standardizing the strength of dyestuffs, since the sodium sulfate tends to precipitate the alkylamine alginate.

The invention will now be described in connection with the dyeing of cellulose acetate which is commercially the most important organic derivative of cellulose material at the present time. It may, however, also be employed for the dyeing of other organic derivative of cellulose materials such as, cellulose propionate, cellulose butyrate, cellulose acetate propionate,

cellulose acetate butyrate, ethyl cellulose and the like.

The following example is given to illustrate his invention further.

Example In a mixture of 306 parts by weight of ethyl alcohol (95% by volume) and 125 parts by weight of water there is dissolved 5 parts by weight of Amacel Pure Scarlet III. The solution is placed in a stirrer and 12.5 parts by weight of dibutylamine alginate are sifted slowly into the solution with vigorous stirring and stirring is continued for 5 minutes after the addition of the alginate has been completed. A smooth nonfrothing dyebath or paste is obtained which is of a consistency suitable for textile printing.

The thickened dyebath is heated to 45 C. and is printed onto a dry, scoured fabric formed of cellulose acetate yarns, following which the fabric is allowed to air dry for 10 seconds. The printed fabric is then can 'dried, soaped for 30 seconds in an an aqueous solution containing 1 gram per liter of soap and maintained at 40 C., rinsed in hot water, extracted and dried. There is obtained a solid, well-penetrated, sharply defined print of good color value and the fabric exhibits no evidence of tendering in the printed area.

While our invention has been described in connection with the printing and dyeing of organic derivative of cellulose textile materials, it will be appreciated that the process of our invention may be employed for the printing or dyeing of films or foils having a basis of an or.- ganic derivative of cellulose.

It is to be understood that the foregoing de-' tailed description is given merely by way of illustration and that many variations may be made therein without departing from the spirit of our invention.

Having described our invention, what we desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

1. A dyebath comprising a solution of a dyestuff in a mixture of water and at least about 5% by weight of a lower aliphatic alcohol, said dyebath being thickened with an alkylamine alginate selected from the group consisting of diethylamine alginate, dipropylamine alginate and dibutylamine alginate.

2. A dyebath comprising a solution of a dyestuff in a mixture of 'water and at least about 5% by weight of a lower aliphatic alcohol, said dyebath being thickened with from about 0.1

to 10% by weight of an alkylamine alginate se-l 4 alginate, dipropylamine alginate and dibutylamine alginate.

3. A dyebath comprising a solution of a dyestufi in a mixture of water and from about '70 to by weight of a lower}'aliphatic-falcohol, said dyebath being thickened with from about 0.1 to 10% by weight of an alkylamine alginate selected from the group consisting of diethylamine alginate, dipropylamine alginate and dibutylamine alginate.

4. A dyebath comprising a solution of a dyestuff in a mixture of water and at least about 5% by weight of a lower aliphatic alcohol, said dyebath. being thickened with dibutylamine alginate.

5. A dyebathcomprising a solution of a dyestufi in a mixture of water and at least about 5% by weight of a lower aliphatic alcohol, said dyeb'ath'being thickened with from about 0.1 to 10% by weight of dibutylaminealginate.

6. Process for the coloration of organic derivative of cellulose materials, which comprises applying to the said materials a coloring medium comprising a solution of a 'dyestuff in a mixture of water and at least about 5% by weight of a lower aliphatic alcohol, said dyebath being thickened with an alkylamine alginate selected from the group consisting of diethylamine alginate, dipropylamine alginate'and di'- butylamine alginate.

7. Process for the dyeing of organic derivative of cellulose textile materials,'which com-' prises applying to the said materials adyebath comprising a solution of a dyebath in a mixture of waterand from about '70 to 80% by weight of a lower aliphatic alcohol, said dy'ebath being thickened with from about 0.1 to 10% by weight of an alkylamine alginate se-' lected from the group consistingof diethylamine alginat'e, dipropylamine alginatea'nd=di' butylamine alginate. f 8. Process 'for the'dyeing of organic 'deriva' tive of cellulose textile materials, which "-icom= prises applying to the said materials a-dyebath comprising a solution'ofa dyestufi in'a' mixture of water and at least about 5% by weight'of a lower aliphatic alcohol, said dyebath. being thickened with dibutylamine'alginate. 9. Process forthe dyeing 'of 'organic derivative of cellulose textile materials, which comprises applying tothe said materials a dyebath comprising a solution of a dyestuff in a mixture of water and at least about 5% by weight of a' lower aliphatic alcohol, said dyebath" being thickened with from about 0.1 to 10% by weight of dibutylamine alginate. 10. Process for the dyeing of cellulose acetate textile materials, which comprises applying to; the said materials a dyebath comprising a 's'olution of a dyestufi in a mixture of water and at" least about 5% by weight of a lower aliphatic alcohol, said dyebath being thickened with'an: alkylamine alginate selected from the group'con? sisting of diethylamine alginate, dipropylamine alginate and dibutylamine alginate. i

11. Process for the dyeing of cellulose acetate textile materials, which comprises applying to the said materials a dyebath comprising a so lution of a dyestuff in a mixture of water and from about '70 to 80% by weight of a lower aliphatic alcohol, said dyebath being thickened with from about 0.1 to 10% by weight of an alkylamine alginate selected from the group consisting of diethylamineQaIginate, dipropylamine alginate and dibutylamine alginate. V

2,647,035 5 12. Process for the dyeing of cellulose acetate References Cited in the file of this patent textile materials, which comprises applying to UNITED STATES PATENTS the said materials a dyebath comprising a solution of a dyestufi in a mixture of water and Number Name Date at least about 5% by weight of a lower aliphatic 5 2,153,486 PrePle May 16, 1939 alcohol, said dyebath being thickened with from 2,514,410 01pm July 11, abouttol to 10% by weight of dibutylamine OTHER REFERENCES algina e.

American Dyestuff Reporter for November 28, gigg gfifi g 10 1938 (article by Cate) pages 716 to 721.

Melliand Textilberichte for March 1950 (article by Schmidt), pages 194 to 196. 

6. PROCESS FOR THE COLORATION OF ORGANIC DERIVATIVE OF CELLULOSE MATERIALS, WHICH COMPRISES APPLYING TO THE SAID MATERIALS A COLORING MEDIUM COMPRISING A SOLUTION OF A DYESTUFF IN A MIXTURE OF WATER AND AT LEAST ABOUT 5% BY WEIGHT OF A LOWER ALIPHATIC ALCOHOL, SAID DYEBATH BEING THICKENED WITH AN ALKYLAMINE ALGINATE SELECTED FROM THE GROUP CONSISTING OF DIETHYLAMINE ALGINATE, DIPROPYLAMINE ALGINATE AND DIBUTYLAMINE ALGINATE. 